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The COVID-19 epidemic has caused serious and long-lasting health and social harm. Vaccination is considered as the most effective way to prevent the COVID-19 epidemic. Patients with mental disorders are at high risk of COVID-19 infection who are in urgent need to get protection. However, due to the particularity of their conditions, whether these patients should be vaccinated has become a tough issue that obsesses doctors, patients with mental disorders, and their families. In light of this issue, this article provides expert advice on the safety, legal and ethical issues of vaccination for patients with mental disorders to regulate the vaccination of these vulnerable populations against COVID-19.Copyright © 2022 Chinese Journal of Psychiatry. All rights reserved.
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Balint group helps health professionals to get emotional support and different perspectives of feedback, inspire reflection, and alleviate job burnout. During the outbreak of COVID-19, it was difficult for medical staff to carry out the traditional form of in person Balint group. Referring to the work of international pilot online Balint group, leaders of Balint group all over China have accumulated some experience and encountered new problems by using the internet to carry out discussion. In order to assist and standardize the work of online Balint group and enrich the ways of expanding Balint work, the Working Committee on Doctor-patient Relationship, Chinese Psychiatrist Association, Chinese Medical Doctor Association organized experts to have two rounds of discussion, and developed the consensus on: Principles and forms of online Balint group, the way of using web platforms for demonstration and learning, matters needing attention, the future development, and so on.Copyright © 2021, Peking Union Medical College Hospital. All rights reserved.
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Objectives: Reverse transcription and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) based on the SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA demonstration is the gold standard in diagnosis. Data files obtained from PCR devices should be analysed by a specialist physician and results should be transferred to Laboratory Information Management System (LIMS). CAtenA Smart PCR (Ventura, Ankara, Turkiye) program is a local bioinformatics software that assess PCR data files with artificial intelligence, submits to expert approval and transfers the approved results to LIMS. The aim of this study is to investigate its accuracy and matching success rate with expert analysis. Method(s): A total of 9400 RT-qPCR test results studied in Ankara Provincial Health Directorate Public Health Molecular Diagnosis Laboratory were compared with respect to expert evaluation and CAtenA results. Result(s): It was determined that the preliminary evaluation results of the CAtenA matched 86% of the negative and 90% of the positive results provided by expert analysis. 987 tests which CAtenA determined as inconclusive and suggested repeating PCR were found either negative or positive by expert analysis. A significant difference between positive and negative matching success rates and artificial intelligence (AI) based software overall accuracy was found and associated with the missed tests of the AI. Conclusion(s): As a result, it was suggested there is a low risk of confirming false positive results without expert analysis and test repetitions would cause losing time along with extra test costs. It was agreed that the PCR analysis used in CAtenA should be improved particularly in terms of test repetitions.Copyright © 2023 by Prusa Medical Publishing.
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This article compares the discursive construction of news values in English news reporting of China Daily and CNN about the COVID-19 vaccine, to reveal how the two media packaged the vaccine and improved the acceptance of the international community towards the vaccines made in the respective countries. Adopting corpus linguistic methods and Discursive news values analysis (DNVA) framework, this study examines news values through keywords, nomination strategies, and photographs. The results show that the two media outlets constructed the news value of Eliteness dominantly through a systematic combination of words and images, albeit in different ways. China Daily prominently consists of references to China's international communications in the production and application of the COVID-19 vaccine, at the same time packaging the COVID-19 vaccine as foreign aid to enhance diplomatic relations as well as protect and promote the order of the international community. In contrast, CNN chiefly demonstrates references to domestic medical experts and the well-known manufacturers of the COVID-19 vaccine, packaging the COVID-19 vaccine as the US' medical/commercial product. The respective ways in which they portray the COVID-19 vaccine have helped to bolster the acceptance of each country's vaccine by the international community.Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
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Artificial intelligence leverages sophisticated computation and inference to generate insights, enables the system to reason and learn, and empowers decision making of clinicians. Starting from data (medical images, biomarkers, patients' data) and using powerful tools such as convolutional neural networks, classification, and regression models etc., it aims at creating personalized models, adapted to each patient, which can be applied in real clinical practice as a decision support system to doctors. This chapter discusses the use of AI in medicine, with an emphasis on the classification of patients with carotid artery disease, evaluation of patient conditions with familiar cardiomyopathy, and COVID-19 models (personalized and epidemiological). The chapter also discusses model integration into a cloud-based platform to deal with model testing without any special software needs. Although AI has great potential in the medical field, the sociological and ethical complexity of these applications necessitates additional analysis, evidence of their medical efficacy, economic worth, and the creation of multidisciplinary methods for their wider deployment in clinical practice. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
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Following the recent adjustments to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) prevention and control policies, an increasing number of medical staffs, especially those in primary care facilities are confront-ed with rapid growth of COVID-19 patients. Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH) has therefore compiled this recommendation for COVID-19 primary care practices based on a patient-centered perspective and following recommendations from domestic and international guidelines as well as the latest Chinese government policies. Further, PUMCH.s conception and compilation of this recommendation strictly adhere to evidence-based, concise and clinically applicable principles of practice. For the critical clinical questions with insufficient medical evidence, the recommendation offers insights on the basis of experience from PUMCH multi-disciplinary expert team and first-line medics.practices. Emphasizing on screening community residents with higher risk of severe illness, implementing early interventions including pharmaceutical treatment, enhan-cing nutritional support and improving sleep quality, we aim to construct a "Household-Community-Hospital" tertiary defense, with the hope of promoting health and reducing severe cases.Copyright © 2023, Peking Union Medical College Hospital. All rights reserved.
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With the adjustment of China's COVID-19 policies and measures, the treatment of infected patients, especially the severe and critically ill patients, has become the focus of all medical staff at this stage. Since the outbreak of the pandemic, Peking Union Medical College Hospital has accumulated rich experience in this field. Based on the updated international evidence-based knowledge, the multidisciplinary expert group of COVID-19 at Peking Union Medical College Hospital has compiled a set of operational recommendations. Adhering to the evidence-based, concise, and clinically operable principles, these recommendations for diagnosis and treatment integrate the latest research evidence. For clinical issues that lack evidence, certain recommendations are given based on the frontline clinical working experience and expert opinions. The purpose is to enhance medical staff's understanding of COVID-19 infection and its critical illness and improve patient care.Copyright © 2023, Peking Union Medical College Hospital. All rights reserved.
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Clinical question What is the role of drug interventions in the treatment and prevention of covid-19? Recommendations The first version on this living guidance focuses on corticosteroids. It contains a strong recommendation for systemic corticosteroids in patients with severe and critical covid-19, and a weak or conditional recommendation against systemic corticosteroids in patients with non-severe covid-19. Corticosteroids are inexpensive and are on the World Health Organisation list of essential medicines. How this guideline was created This guideline reflects an innovative collaboration between the WHO and the MAGIC Evidence Ecosystem Foundation, driven by an urgent need for global collaboration to provide trustworthy and living covid-19 guidance. A standing international panel of content experts, patients, clinicians, and methodologists, free from relevant conflicts of interest, produce recommendations for clinical practice. The panel follows standards, methods, processes, and platforms for trustworthy guideline development using the GRADE approach. We apply an individual patient perspective while considering contextual factors (that is, resources, feasibility, acceptability, equity) for countries and healthcare systems. The evidence A living systematic review and network meta-analysis, supported by a prospective meta-analysis, with data from eight randomised trials (7184 participants) found that systemic corticosteroids probably reduce 28 day mortality in patients with critical covid-19 (moderate certainty evidence;87 fewer deaths per 1000 patients (95% confidence interval 124 fewer to 41 fewer)), and also in those with severe disease (moderate certainty evidence;67 fewer deaths per 1000 patients (100 fewer to 27 fewer)). In contrast, systemic corticosteroids may increase the risk of death in patients without severe covid-19 (low certainty evidence;absolute effect estimate 39 more per 1000 patients, (12 fewer to 107 more)). Systemic corticosteroids probably reduce the need for invasive mechanical ventilation, and harms are likely to be minor (indirect evidence). Understanding the recommendations The panel made a strong recommendation for use of corticosteroids in severe and critical covid-19 because there is a lower risk of death among people treated with systemic corticosteroids (moderate certainty evidence), and they believe that all or almost all fully informed patients with severe and critical covid-19 would choose this treatment. In contrast, the panel concluded that patients with non-severe covid-19 would decline this treatment because they would be unlikely to benefit and may be harmed. Moreover, taking both a public health and a patient perspective, the panel warned that indiscriminate use of any therapy for covid-19 would potentially rapidly deplete global resources and deprive patients who may benefit from it most as potentially lifesaving therapy. Updates This is a living guideline. Work is under way to evaluate other interventions. New recommendations will be published as updates to this guideline. Readers note This is version 1 of the living guideline, published on 4 September (BMJ 2020;370:m3379) version 1. Updates will be labelled as version 2, 3 etc. When citing this article, please cite the version number. Submitted August 28 Accepted August 31Copyright © Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to.
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Introduction: Pakistan has a high prevalence of chronic respiratory disorders, including bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Objective(s): Finding the effect of COVID-19 on chronic respiratory disease in Pakistan is the study's key goal. Material(s) and Method(s): From February 2021 to December 2021, this cross-sectional research was carried department of pulmonology at HMC hospital Peshawar A specified To differentiate between the COVID-19 era and the period preceding it, a set of criteria in the form of a questionnaire was applied. Result(s): A total of 157 participants contributed to the data set. Patients who tested positive for COVID 19 were additionally asked about their experiences with respiratory co morbidities. More than a third of respondents mentioned COPD as a co morbidity;many also mentioned bronchial asthma, ILD, and tuberculosis (TB). Conclusion(s): COVID-19 would certainly increase chronic respiratory disorders in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The pandemic might increase respiratory disorders, strain health systems, and cost people impacted. Increase public health awareness and ensure chronic respiratory illness patients get proper treatment and resources to address these issues. To decrease the pandemic's effect on Khyber Pakhtunkhwa's population, early respiratory disease identification and treatment techniques are needed.Copyright © 2023 Lahore Medical And Dental College. All rights reserved.
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At present, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2(SARS-CoV-2)infection is still rampant worldwide.As of September 10, 2021, there were about 222 million confirmed cases of corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19)and more than 4.6 million deaths worldwide.With the development of COVID-19 vaccines and the gradual vaccination worldwide, the increasing number of cases in children and unvaccinated young people has drawn attention.According to World Health Organization surveillance data, the proportion of COVID-19 infection cases in children gradually increased, and the proportion of cases in the age groups of under 5 years and 5-14 years increased from 1.0% and 2.5% in January 2020 to 2.0% and 8.7% in July 2021, respectively.At present, billions of adults have been vaccinated with various COVID-19 vaccines worldwide, and their protective effects including reducing infection and transmission, reducing severe disease and hospitalization, and reducing death, as well as high safety have been confirmed.Canada, the United States, Europe and other countries have approved the emergency COVID-19 vaccination in children and adolescents aged 12 to 17 years, and China has also approved the phased vaccination of COVID-19 vaccination in children and adolescents aged 3 to 17 years. For smooth advancement and implementation of COVID-19 vaccination in children, academic institutions, including National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, National Center for Children's Health, and The Society of Pediatrics, Chinese Medical Association organized relevant experts to reach this consensus on COVID-19 vaccination in children.Copyright © 2021 by the Chinese Medical Association.
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Communications expert Melissa Le Mesurier has spent 30 years advising CEOs and boards on communication, having worked for some of the world's largest companies and brands. But it wasn't until her son was bornwith cystic fibrosis 26 years ago, and thenwhen she was diagnosed with bladder cancer 5 years ago, that she was struck by how the communication challenges faced by business leaders were very similar to those faced by medical experts. And for any patient diagnosed with a life-threatening condition such as cancer, there is a desperate need for clear information and trusted guidance from their clinical team. The need for this has never been more critical. As seen throughout the Covid-19 pandemic, trust in science and evidence-based medicine is falling and Dr Google and social media 'influencers' are swaying patients' treatment decisions. Melissa is now on a mission to counter this and bridge the doctor-patient communication divide one conversation at a time. Her soon-to-be-published book, Patient Power, aims to help newly diagnosed patients source credible information, understand medical jargon and ask the right questions when they consult their doctor. She is also using her experience and expertise, backed by research, to help clinicians improve their communication skills. She will outline how to use the power of language and listening to better support patients, and ultimately empower them to feel confident in the agreed treatment path. Her key message is that good communication is the foundation of improving patient-centred care,which leads to better clinical outcomes and a better experience for patients and clinicians alike.
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During the COVID-19 pandemic, humanity faced various health problems. One of the most common diseases is pneumonia. The life of every person depends on the correct and effective diagnosis of the disease. Currently, a large number of software applications with elements of artificial intelligence are being developed, which can reduce the time of patient care, improve the methodology and efficiency of disease diagnosis. With our research, we strive to contribute to the development of such software applications, namely, to develop software tools with elements of fuzzy logic. To develop a decision-making system, scales and algorithms in order to assess we considered the prognosis of the severity of community-acquired pneumonia PORT(PSI), CURB/CRB-65 and SMART-COP/SMART-CO. To improve the quality of processing fuzzy production rules of knowledge base, the logic programming language Prolog was used. The created application is planned to be integrated into medical information systems. © 2022 CURRAN-CONFERENCE. All rights reserved.
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Background: OSE2101 (Tedopi) is an anticancer vaccine that increased overall survival (OS) (HR 0.59, p=0.017) versus Standard of Care Chemotherapy in the population of interest (PoI N=118) of patients with IO secondary resistance after sequential CT-IO (ESMO 2021 #47LBA). The Net Treatment Benefit (NTB) is an original method combining efficacy and safety endpoints to test the overall improvement in health outcome between 2 treatments (Buyse M. Stat Med 2010). NTB was assessed in the overall population (N=219) from whom OS improvement of OSE2101 (HR 0.86, p=0.35) was lower than in PoI. Methods: NTB was tested by comparing prioritized outcomes using Generalized Paired Wise Comparisons (GPC). The prioritized outcomes were OS, then time to worsening ECOG (threshold=2 months) followed by severe adverse events, progression free survival (shorter vs. longer than 2 months) and Quality of Life (threshold=5 points on Global Health Status of EORTC-QLQC30). Analysis was stratified using the 3 strata of the study (histology, best response to 1rst line, line of prior IO) and enrollment time (before vs during COVID-19). Sensitivity analyses used no stratification, different thresholds of clinical relevance and PoI. Results: In the primary analysis (1088 pairs), NTB was 19% and reached statistical significance in favor of OSE2101 (p=0.035). In unstratified analysis (11120 pairs), NTB was 11% (p=0.188). In the PoI (388 pairs), NTB was 22% (p stratified=0.074) and 28% (p=0.014) in unstratified analysis (3040 pairs). Although the primary analysis was statistically positive, results were not consistent in some sensitivity analyses due to the limited sample size and the impact of stratification factors. Conclusions: An overall improvement in health outcome was observed with OSE2101 in the overall population of advanced NSCLC after IO failure with a NTB of 19% over SoC. In PoI with IO secondary resistance after CT-IO, the NTB was 22%. Post-hoc analyses are ongoing intended to explain the variability of NTB and will be detailed. Clinical trial identification: EudraCT: 2015-003183-36;NCT02654587. Editorial acknowledgement: We thank Pierre Attali (Medical Expert, MD) for his support in the writing of the . Legal entity responsible for the study: Ose Immunotherapeutics. Funding: Ose Immunotherapeutics. Disclosure: M.E. Buyse: Financial Interests, Personal, Officer, Chief Scientific Officer: IDDI;Financial Interests, Personal, Invited Speaker, Board Member: CluePoints;Financial Interests, Personal, Stocks/Shares: IDDI, CluePoints. F. Montestruc: Financial Interests, Personal, Member of the Board of Directors, CEO of the Company: eXYSTAT SAS;Financial Interests, Institutional, Other, Statistician Consultant: AbbVie, Biocodex, Geneuro, Gensight, Guerbet, Imcheck, Ose Immunotherapeutics, Pfizer, Takeda;Non-Financial Interests, Personal, Other, Statistician Consultant and Training: Institut Pasteur. J. Chiem: Financial Interests, Personal, Full or part-time Employment: IDDI. V. Deltuvaite-Thomas: Financial Interests, Personal, Full or part-time Employment: IDDI. S. Salvaggio: Financial Interests, Personal, Full or part-time Employment, Working as a statistician: International Drug Development Institute. M.R. Garcia Campelo: Financial Interests, Personal, Advisory Role: Roche/Genentech, MSD Oncology, AstraZeneca, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pfizer, Novartis, Takeda, Boehringer Ingelheim, Janssen Oncology;Financial Interests, Personal, Speaker’s Bureau: Roche, AstraZeneca, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pfizer, Novartis, Takeda, Boehringer Ingelheim, MSD Oncology, Sanofi/Aventis, Janssen Oncology, Amgen;Financial Interests, Personal, Other, Travel, Accommodations, Expenses: Roche/Genentech, MSD Oncology, Pfizer. F. Cappuzzo: Financial Interests, Personal, Invited Speaker: Roche, AstraZeneca, BMS, Pfizer, Takeda, Lilly, Bayer, Amgen, Sanofi, PharmaMar, Mirati, Novocure, OSE, and MSD;Financial Interests, Personal, Advisory Board: Roche, AstraZeneca, BMS, Pfizer, Takeda, Lilly, Bayer, Amgen, Sanofi, Mirati, PharmaMar, Novocure, OSE, Galecto and MS . S. Viteri Ramirez: Financial Interests, Personal, Advisory Board: Merck Healthcare KGAA Germany, Bristol Myers Squibb S.A. U, Puma Biotechnology;Financial Interests, Personal, Invited Speaker: Takeda Farmaceutica España SA, MSD de España SA, AstraZeneca Farmaceutica Spain, Roche Farma SA;Financial Interests, Personal, Expert Testimony: Reddy Pharma Iberia SAU. W. Schuette: Financial Interests, Personal, Other, Honoraria: Roche, MSD, Novartis;Financial Interests, Personal, Advisory Role: Roche, MSD, Novartis. A. Zer: Financial Interests, Personal, Invited Speaker: Roche, BMS, MSD, Takeda, Pfizer, Novartis;Financial Interests, Personal, Advisory Board: AstraZeneca, Steba, Oncohost;Financial Interests, Personal, Stocks/Shares: Nixio;Financial Interests, Institutional, Research Grant: BMS. S. Comis: Financial Interests, Personal, Full or part-time Employment: Ose Immunotherapeutics. B. Vasseur: Financial Interests, Personal, Full or part-time Employment: Ose Immunotherapeutics;Financial Interests, Personal, Other, Actions: Ose Immunotherapeutics. R. Dziadziuszko: Financial Interests, Personal, Advisory Board: Roche, AstraZeneca, Seattle Genetics, Pfizer, Takeda, Regeneron, MSD, Bristol Myers-Squibb, PharmaMar, Bayer;Financial Interests, Personal, Invited Speaker: Boehringer Ingelheim, Foundation Medicine;Financial Interests, Personal, Expert Testimony: Novartis;Financial Interests, Personal and Institutional, Invited Speaker: Roche, AstraZeneca, MSD, Amgen, Celon Pharma, Pfizer, Novartis, Brsitol Myers-Squibb, Eli Lilly, Loxo;Financial Interests, Invited Speaker: BeiGene, Ardigen, Ose Immunotherapeutics;Financial Interests, Personal and Institutional, Other, Subinvestigator and ad hoc Consultant: PDC* line Pharma;Non-Financial Interests, Institutional, Product Samples: Novartis, Pfizer, AstraZeneca, Roche;Other, Travel: Roche, Bristol Myers-Squibb, AstraZeneca. G. Giaccone: Financial Interests, Personal, Advisory Board: Novartis;Financial Interests, Institutional, Research Grant: Karyopharm. B. Besse: Financial Interests, Institutional, Funding: 4D Pharma, AbbVie, Amgen, Aptitude Health, AstraZeneca, BeiGene, Blueprint Medicines, Boehringer Ingelheim, Celgene, Cergentis, Cristal Therapeutics, Daiichi Sankyo, Eli Lilly, GSK, Janssen, Onxeo, Ose Immunotherapeutics, Pfizer, Roche-Genentech, Sanofi, Takeda, Tolero Pharmaceuticals;Financial Interests, Institutional, Research Grant: Chugai Pharmaceutical, EISAI, Genzyme Corporation, Inivata, Ipsen, Turning Point Therapeutics. E. Felip: Financial Interests, Personal, Advisory Board: Amgen, AstraZeneca, Bayer, BeiGene, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myers Squibb, Eli Lilly, Glaxo Smith Kline, Janssen, Medical Trends, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Pfizer, Puma, Sanofi, Takeda, Merck Serono, Peptomyc, Regeneron, Syneos Health, F. Hoffmann-La Roche;Financial Interests, Personal, Invited Speaker: AstraZeneca, Bristol Myers Squibb, Eli Lilly, Medscape, Merck Sharp & Dome, Peervoice, Pfizer, Springer, Touch Medical, Amgen, F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Janssen, Medical Trends, Merck Serono;Financial Interests, Personal, Invited Speaker, Independent member: Grifols;Financial Interests, Institutional, Invited Speaker, Clinical Trial: F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp, AstraZeneca AB, Daiichi Sankyo Inc, Exelixis Inc, Merck KGAA, Janssen Cilag International NV, GlaxoSmithKline Research & Development Limited, AbbVie Deutschland GmbH & Co KG, Novartis Farmaceutica SA, Bayer Consumer Care AG, Takeda Pharmaceuticals International, Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, Pfizer S.L.U., Amgen Inc, Bristol-Myers Squibb International Corporation (BMS), Mirati Therapeutics Inc;Non-Financial Interests, Leadership Role, President Elect (2021-2023): SEOM (Sociedad Espanola de Oncologia Medica);Non-Financial Interests, Member, Member of ESMO Nominating Committee and Compliance Committee: ESMO;Non-Financial Interests, Leadership Role, Member of Board of Directors and the Executive Committee (2017-Sept 2021): IASLC (International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer);Non-Fina cial Interests, Member of Scientific Committee: ETOP (European Thoracic Oncology Platform). All other authors have declared no conflicts of interest.
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With the continuous expansion of COVID-19, many medical experts with the characteristics of "Internet Celebrities" are increasingly influencing people's vaccination behavior, which is crucial for overall social welfare. To explore the influence of Internet celebrity medical experts on people's vaccination against COVID-19, this study constructed a conceptual model of COVID-19 vaccination intention based on the professionalism, morality, interaction dimension, and information content of Internet celebrity medical experts, to generate perceived value by establishing a trusting relationship between them and the influenced people. The empirical analysis shows that interactivity and information content are important factors determining the influence of Internet celebrity medical experts. In the context of high demands for COVID-19 vaccines, it is more effective to influence vaccination intention through strong demand than through generating trust. The empirical analysis shows that Internet celebrity medical experts have a significant role in COVID-19 vaccination, and interactivity and information content are two important factors determining the influence. Through the connection of information-demand, Internet celebrity medical experts can greatly influence the perceived value, by coaction with trust to influence the final intention. Therefore, the COVID-19 vaccination persuasion information released by Internet celebrity medical experts should be elaborately organized and demonstrated, especially from the demand aspect, and government could put more resources to support the information to spread.